Key facts for this chapter (11)

• The maple leaf flag was raised for the first time in 1965.
• The motto on the coat of arms, A Mari Usque Ad Mare, means 'from sea to sea'.
• The title 'Dominion of Canada' was inspired by a line in Psalm 72 about dominion from sea to sea.
• The beaver was adopted as a symbol during the fur trade era.
• The maple tree and the maple leaf have been Canadian symbols since the 1700s.
• O Canada was first sung in 1880 and became the official national anthem in 1980.
• The Royal Anthem, God Save the King, can be played on any occasion where Canadians wish to honour the Sovereign.
• The Victoria Cross is the highest honour available to Canadians for military valour.
• The Peace Tower stands at the centre of the Parliament buildings in Ottawa.
• Hockey is the national winter sport and lacrosse the national summer sport.
• The fleur-de-lys, an ancient French royal symbol, appears on the Quebec flag and the Canadian coat of arms.

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